<p>New Geneva Historic District is a national historic district located at Nicholson Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The district includes 29 contributing buildings and the stone Wilson House . Most of the contributing buildings were built between c. 1790 and 1910, and are representative of a number of popular architectural styles including Federal and Queen Anne. The district includes 22 contributing houses, two churches, a school building, a store, a shop, a garage, and some sheds. There are also three archaeological sites associated with the former pottery works, and a historic site related to the ferry landing. The town of New Geneva was originally laid out in 1797, by Albert Gallatin.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>Linden Hall at Saint James Park is a historic estate and national historic district located at Lower Tyrone Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The district includes three contributing buildings, one contributing structure, and one contributing object. The mansion was built by Sarah B. Cochran between 1909 and 1911, and is a 2 1/2-story, stone and stucco dwelling in the Tudor Revival style. The mansion has 31 rooms and is in the shape of a crescent. It is atop a hill at a 1,360 ft elevation that affords a panoramic view of the surrounding area. Also on the property are the contributing garage and chauffeur&#39;s residence, gardens, and pool pavilion. It was a private residence until 1944, when it was sold to the Order of Saint Basil the Great as a novitiate. In 1957, it was sold to the St. James Country Club, and the property was developed as a country club in the 1960s and 1970s. It was sold to the United Steelworkers in 1976.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>The Kingman Place Historic District is located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The historic district contains a well-preserved collection of American Foursquare houses that were built starting in 1902 and continued until 1915. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2000. It was part of The Bungalow and Square House--Des Moines Residential Growth and Development MPS.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The historic district lies north of Kingman Boulevard and south of Cottage Grove Avenue, between 27th Street on the east and 31st Street on the west. It is composed of three full blocks and parts of two others in the Kingman and University plats. The plats are unique in Des Moines as they are oriented east to west as opposed to north to south. Because it developed within a few years it is composed of similar foursquare house plans. It has very few bungalows, which were also being built in Des Moines at the same time.</p><br>
<p>Cottage Grove Avenue was named in 1872 and the Cottage Grove Addition was platted that autumn. It was located between Cottage Grove and University Avenues and 21st and 23rd Streets. Nothing was developed until the University Land Company organized in 1881 and founded Drake University the same year. Houses began to be built in the area in the 1880s. A hack line was established at the same time and streetcar lines were extended the following decade. The Kingman Addition was platted by the Vermont Land Company in 1889. Brick paving on Cottage Grove began in 1889 and the area was annexed to the city of Des Moines a year later. The paving of Cottage Grove was extended west to 34th Street in 1891 and sewer lines were added in 1894. No houses were added to the district until after 1900. Explosive growth started in University Place in 1904. One of Des Moines’ first suburban banks was built in the area the same year. Around 200 houses were built in the area between 1900 and 1910. There were three definitive house building spurts in the Kingman Place Historic District in 1905, 1910 and 1915. The hip roof subtype of the foursquare house plan was dominate in 1905 and receded significantly by 1915, when front and side gabled roofs took over.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Kingman Place Historic District is primarily composed of three subtypes of square house plans. Of the 66 square house plans in the district, 34 are four squares, 22 follow the front gable plan and 10 are side gable houses. The rest of the houses in the district represent a number of other styles, including the bungalow. Two of the houses are known as foursquare look-alikes that were built earlier from the others and feature Victorian architectural elements such as a wrap-around porch. Their room counts were also higher than eight, which are typical of the four squares.</p><br>
<p>Neillsville Downtown Historic District is a section of the historic old downtown of Neillsville, Wisconsin, with buildings as old as 1872. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The settlement of Neillsville began when James ONeill and his companions cut a road up through the forest from Black River Falls in June 1845. They built a sawmill on the bank of ONeill Creek and began cutting pine and floating it downstream to their mill. The loggers prospered, more settlers came, and by 1860 the population approached 250. Businesses developed along Main Street, which is now called Hewett Street. The earliest were wood frame buildings.</p><br>
<p>The first brick structure in town (and in Clark County) was built in 1872, and is in the district - the Hewett and Woods General Store at 502 Hewett Street - the blue building on the left in the photo. Its brick is probably the "soft brick" produced locally by King and Vine. Though it is early and simple, its style shows some Italianate influence. This first brick building was called "the Brick Store" for years.</p><br>
<p>Continuing up the west side of Hewett street, and to the right in the photo:</p><br>
<p>The Lowe Brothers building at 508 Hewett is a graceful brick building with Romanesque arches and a cast iron cornice, built in 1896. Starting in 1927 the building housed a Red Owl grocery store.</p><br>
<p>The Bast Bakery at 510 Hewett is another brick Italianate building with cornice, built around 1890, which originally housed a meat and flour store.</p><br>
<p>The August Snyder Clothing Store at 518 Hewett is another brick Italianate building with cornice, this one built in 1900. It has a second-story bay window which projects above the sidewalk.</p><br>
<p>The Clark County Bank building at 522 Hewett was built in 1887, then expanded and elaborated to Queen Anne style with a clipped gable, iron cornice, and brick corbels.</p><br>
<p>The Sniteman Drug store at 528 Hewett is a striking brick Italianate building with metal cornice - the tallest on the block. Charles C. Sniteman was a New Yorker who trained at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. He came to Neillsville in 1879 to manage the Henry Meyer Drug Store and bought it in 1891. In 1895 he added the second story to a previous building and redid the front, producing the building we see today. Sniteman invented a fly spray used by farmers and a "blue ointment used in lumber camps to repel lice."</p><br>
<p>The Commercial State Bank at 534 Hewett was built of red brick in 1887 and housed a dry goods and grocery store. In 1917 the Commercial State Bank remodeled the facade into a more dignified Classical Revival style, with a central opening framed in limestone blocks. The opening originally contained multipaned windows and decorative panels; today the upper part has been filled with wood.</p><br>
<p>The Neillsville Bank at 538 Hewett was built in 1887 as a red brick general store with a corner entrance, and was known as the Gates Block. In 1909 the bank remodeled the exterior to Commercial Prairie Style, covering it with tan brick and limestone trim and moving the entrance to the middle of the east side.</p><br>
<p>Around the corner behind the Neillsville Bank, at 118 W 6th Street is the Varieties Store, built in 1886. It has simple Commercial Italianate details and a coal chute on the front.</p><br>
<p>Returning back up the east side of Hewett Street:</p><br>
<p>The Mark Kappelan Block at 551 Hewett was built in 1893, housing a drug store which faced onto Hewett Street, a barber shop behind that, and a saloon in back. Squarish arches in the brick frame the second story windows. In 1897 the building was refaced and decorated with the iron cornice and window treatments.</p><br>
<p>Emery Bruleys Mens Clothing Store at 541 Hewett was built in 1882 in Commercial Italianate style. Bruley was a Canadian who started a blacksmith shop in Neillsville, then opened a clothes store. This building initially housed Bruley&#39;s clothing store, a cigar store, a saloon at street level and a cigar factory on the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The Republican Press at 531 Hewett is another Commercial Italianate building with cornice, built in 1895. It served as post office.</p><br>
<p>The Dewhurst Block at 521 Hewett is another red brick Commercial building, this one built in 1891. It housed a general store and in more recent years the Coast to Coast Hardware. It was built by Richard Dewhurst, an attorney, state legislator, and later head of the Neillsville Bank across the street. Dewhurst also added the south half to what is now called the Tufts Mansion.</p><br>
<p>Hein & Beaulieu&#39;s Dry Goods Store at 517 Hewett, built in 1897, is a Commercial Italianate building with Queen Anne influences and an ornate bracketed cornice.</p><br>
<p>Waterfront South is a neighborhood in Camden, New Jersey. Located in the southern part of the city, below Central Waterfront, between the Delaware River and Interstate 676, the neighborhood has a population of 1,781.</p><br>
<p>The South Camden Historic District, bounded by Jackson St, South Fourth St, Chelton Ave, and Railroad Avenue, comprises 686 acre and 608 buildings, including the headquarters of the defunct South Camden Trust Company.</p><br>
<p>New York Shipbuilding Corporation, in the Port of Camden, was located many years along the waterfront on the west side of the neighborhood and once was its largest employer. In July 2014, the New Jersey Economic Development Authority awarded the Holtec International a $260 million tax incentive to expand operations at the site in the Port of Camden.</p><br>
<p>The proposed Glassboro–Camden Line light rail system would stop in the neighbourhood at Ferry Avenue parallel and west of the North-South Freeway.</p><br>
<p>In August 2014, ground was broken on Phoniex Park, which will provide access to the waterfront on land previously used for industry.</p><br>
<p>The Badgerow Building is a historic structure located in downtown Sioux City, Iowa, United States. The building is twelve stories tall and rises 169 ft above the ground. It was the tallest building in Sioux City for many years. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It was one of five buildings that represented the 1930s.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building was designed by Sioux City architectural firm of K. E. Westerlind, and was completed in 1933 in the Art Deco style. The facade is composed of terra cotta and features vertical piers, bronze ornamentation, and windows that are highlighted by the geometric ornamentation. A head of a Native American is a recurring theme in the ornamentation. The interior features a lobby with walls of black Belgian marble and pink Tennessee marble, and terrazzo floors.</p><br>
<p>The Warrior Hotel is a historic structure located in downtown Sioux City, Iowa, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The building is eleven stories tall, and rises 128 ft above the ground. The building was designed by Kansas City architect Alonzo H. Gentry in the Art Deco style. The brick exterior features terra cotta ornamentation. The hotel opened on December 20, 1930, built by the Eppley Hotel Company. Eppley was bought by Sheraton Hotels in 1956, and the hotel was renamed the Sheraton-Warrior. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.</p><br>
<p>The structure was tagged for building violations in the late 1990s, but was given a reprieve by the city due to its historical significance and the estimated $5 million it would cost to demolish. In 2006, the interior was gutted in preparation for converting the building into low-income senior housing, but the project stalled for lack of financing.</p><br>
<p>In November 2012, a group led by the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska applied for a gaming license for a proposed $122-million casino and entertainment complex that would integrate the Warrior and the neighboring Davidson Building. State gaming regulators rejected the bid, awarding the license instead to a Hard Rock Casino to be built at the city&#39;s historic Battery Building.</p><br>
<p>The Silver Dome Ballroom is a 30&#39;s-era dance hall located in Hewett, Wisconsin, west of Neillsville. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The ballroom was originally owned by brothers Al, Paul, Walter and Herb Keller. It was designed in the Modern Movement architecture style and built from 1929 to 1933. The German patent for the unique arch style roof was purchased for a $1,000 royalty fee.</p><br>
<p>The grand opening was July 12, 1933, featuring Johnny Davis and his NBC Orchestra. Other early national bands included Duke Ellington, the Six Fat Dutchmen, Fezz Fritchie, Ty-Leroy and the Scotch Highlanders, the Dux Brothers Orchestra, and Whoopee John Wilfahrt. Wisconsin Old Tyme bands included Lawrence Duchow, Romy Gosz, the Blue Denim Boys, Bernie Roberts, and Jerry Gilbertson. Local bands included Wally Ives, Art and Louis Nemitz, Pat Lautenbach and the Varsity Band, the Merrymen, Jack Kolbeck of Marshfield, the Vic Carpenter Band of Abbotsford, the Rhode Bros. of Greenwood, the Pine Valley Dutchmen, the Howie Sturtz Orchestra, and the Kellers own 8-piece Band.</p><br>
<p>The ballroom continued to host national acts into more recent times, including country acts George Jones, Johnny Cash, Pee Wee King, John Anderson, the Bellamy Brothers, Sonny James, Jerry Reed, Don Williams, and Bob Wills and his Texas Playboys. It has also hosted rock acts including the Buckinghams, the Buffalo Springfield, Cheap Trick, the Cryan Shames, Foghat, the Grass Roots, Hermans Hermits, Tommy James, Styx, and Bobby Vee.</p><br>
<p>Summit Hotel, also known as the Summit Inn Resort, is a historic hotel complex and national historic district located at North Union Township and South Union Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The district includes eight contributing buildings and three contributing structures. The main hotel building was built in 1907, and is a three-story, stone and stucco Mission style building. The features a parapeted gable and two four-story square towers. The building was expanded in 1923. Also on the property are the contributing carriage house, staff dormitory, stable / garage, two cottages, and Olympic-sized swimming pool , pool house , and two water storage tanks .</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeside Mountains are about a 34 mi long mountain range located on the southwest perimeter of the Great Salt Lake; the range is located in northeast Tooele County and south Box Elder County in Utah, United States.</p><br>
<p>The range consists of a 13 mi long north-trending section, and a southeast stretch composed of variable-height peaks and lower elevations, as well as a massif section containing the mountain range highpoint.</p><br>
<p>The north section of the range terminus is at the community of Lakeside, Utah, and the region lies on an eastern border of the Great Salt Lake Desert.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The range is linear, with the two trending sections. The north section actually trends slightly north-northeast, with the south part of it as a mountain area, with Sally Mountain, 5,855 ft; north of it, the range turns into ridgelines and small parallel valleys.</p><br>
<h3>South section</h3><br>
<p>The south section has a due-southeast trendline. A small low elevation saddle separates the south from the north section. Richins Knoll, 4,387 ft is adjacent the saddle, and the mountains southeast begin with a rise to Jedediah Mountain, 5,837 ft, about 3 mi southeast of the saddle. The highpoint of the range is found southeast from here, Craner Peak, at 6,625 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>Interstate 80 crosses the southern terminus of the Lakeside Mountains, at the townsite of Delle. A northwest stretch of I-80 from Delle, skirts the range foothills, then enters the north of the Cedar Mountains, before turning west through the Great Salt Lake Desert. From the north Cedar Mountains, Puddle Valley Highway (improved road) transits due-north through Puddle Valley, then enters the west flank region of the north section of the range; a small valley called "Death Valley", located in a hilly foothill region, borders the Great Salt Lake Desert, on the desert&#39;s east, about 3 mi; Death Ridge, a subridge is 1 mi east; the north mountain terminus near Lakeside continues as named: Scad Ridge, Sedal Valley, Cave Ride, Great Salt Lake shoreline, (all 1 mi apart from each other).</p><br>
<p>Niigata-Yake-Yama is an active volcano in Honshu, Japan. A large eruption in 887 AD sent pyroclastic flows all the way to the Japan Sea.</p><br>
<h2>Morphology</h2><br>
<p>The volcano takes the form of a lava dome that was built above a ridge of a Tertiary mountain range, near the Japanese coast. The volcano is one of the youngest in Japan, its age is estimated at only 3100 years old. The top of the lava dome is cut by fissures where mild phreatic eruptions have taken place in recent historical times.</p><br>
<h2>Historical eruptions</h2><br>
<p>Three major magmatic eruptions have taken place in historical time, in 887 AD, 1361 and 1773, these eruptions are VEI 3-–4 in range and have produced lava and pyroclastic flows that have reached the coast. The eruption of 1361 is responsible for the current summit lava dome. Since 1773 all eruptions have been phreatic and have come from fissures and craters at the summit and sides of the dome.</p><br>
<h3>1974 eruption</h3><br>
<p>The first eruption in 25 years took place on 28 July 1974. This eruption was a phreatic eruption. The eruption came from fissures 200 m on the side of the summit lava dome, producing widespread ashfall. Ash fell on cities around the area. Three students on the volcano were killed by either poisonous gases or ejecta.</p><br>
<h3>1987 eruption</h3><br>
<p>A smaller eruption took place in 1987. Two ash plumes were detected rising from the NE flank and the SE flank, later investigation showed steam venting from eight different spots.</p><br>
<p>During the eruption many townspeople had to flee the area.</p><br>
<h3>1989 eruption</h3><br>
<p>On 30 March 1989, a steam column issued from Niigata-Yake-Yama, four days later a steam column containing a small amount of ash was erupted.</p><br>
<h3>1997 and 1998 eruptions</h3><br>
<p>Two other eruptions were recorded from Niigata-Yake-Yama on 26 October 1997 (which continued until 10 December) and 30 March 1998. These were both small eruptions (VEI 1) which originated from the east flank of the summit dome.</p><br>
<p>Wharton Hall in Wharton, Cumbria, England, is a medieval fortified manor house.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At the heart of Wharton Hall is a 15th-century hall, built from local limestone by the local Wharton, possibly Richard Wharton. During the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536 the manor was besieged by the forces of Robert Aske and after 1544 Lord Wharton extended and fortified the manor, building a gatehouse, great hall, kitchen, and surrounding walls in a medieval style. The result was a grand property, with the great hall being 68 feet long.</p><br>
<p>The Wharton family preferred to use Healaugh Priory as their main residence after the 16th century, and the property fell into ruin. In 1785, Lord Lonsdale restored the building, adding more battlements. It was restored again in the 20th century to its current condition.</p><br>
<p>This site is a scheduled monument and grade I listed building.</p><br>
<p>The Comstock House is a historic house museum in Moorhead, Minnesota, United States. It is the restored home of USA Congressman and businessman Solomon Comstock with its original furnishings.The house is run by a partnership between the Minnesota Historical Society and the Historical and Cultural Society of Clay County.</p><br>
<p>The house has two stories and eleven rooms and was designed by architecture firm Kees and Fisk. Construction was completed between 1882 and 1883, and the architecture is a combination of Queen Anne style and that of English designer Charles Eastlake.</p><br>
<p>In 1965 George and Frances Comstock gave the house to the Minnesota Historical Society, and starting in 1976, the house was restored to its original late 19th-century style.</p><br>
<p>Uncle Sam Plantation, originally known as Constancia, was a historic sugar plantation and elaborate Greek Revival-style mansion on the Mississippi River, near Convent in St. James Parish, Louisiana. It was established during the 1810s, with the main house and numerous outbuildings built by Samuel Pierre Auguste Fagot between 1829 and 1843. Once renowned as one of the most intact and architecturally-unified plantation complexes in the Southeastern United States, all of the structures were demolished to make way for construction of a new river levee in 1940.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The plantation was established by Colonel Joseph Constance when he acquired several tracts of land at the location following the War of 1812. Pierre Auguste Samuel Fagot, usually known as Samuel Fagot, acquired the plantation and other St. James Parish properties beginning in 1829. A native of La Rochelle, France, he emigrated to the United States and was living in the vicinity of Convent by 1828. He married Emilie Jourdain and had two daughters, Marie Emilie Eugenie and Felicie. Marie Emilie Eugenie married Jacques Auguste Demophon Tureaud and Felicie married Lucien Malus.</p><br>
<p>By the time of Samuel Fagot&#39;s death in 1858, he was one of the largest landowners in St. James Parish. The plantation went to his widow after his death, but his son-in-law, Lucien Malus, operated the plantation. Following the Civil War, the plantation, which had been called Constancia up until that time, came to be called Uncle Sam instead. Many different stories have attempted to explain the name. One is that it came from the sugar containers from the plantation being marked for export with "USA" for the nation of origin. Others claim that it referred to Samuel Fagot himself. None has been confirmed by historians.</p><br>
<p>Felicie and Lucien Malus had two daughters, Emelie and Felicie. They married two brothers, Jules and Camile Jacob. Following the death of Lucien Malus, the Jacob brothers operated the plantation. Jules later bought Camiles share and was the sole owner of the plantation until selling in 1915 to a New Orleans businessman. The plantations main house would never be lived in again after this transaction, although the estate continued to be operated as an agricultural enterprise.</p><br>
<p>In early 1940 the Pontchartrain Levee District commissioners determined that the only way to fix structural problems in the river levee would be to build a new one over the site. Demolition quickly followed. On March 12, 1940, as demolition was nearing completion, the United States Army Corps of Engineers office in New Orleans received a telegram from the director of the National Park Service asking that demolition be delayed until an investigation could be completed to determine if the site might be given National Monument or National Historic Site status. However, it was too late to save the plantation complex.</p><br>
<p>Following the demolition, 300,000 bricks from Uncle Sam were used in the restoration of another extensive plantation complex nearby, Evergreen Plantation in Wallace. A chemical plant, now owned by the Mosaic Company, was later built on the site. A historic marker was erected in 1969, the only reminder of what once was there.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The first brick buildings that Samuel Fagot built, and that would remain a part of the final design of the complex, were matching temple-like structures that housed the plantation office and the kitchen. The one-story, stuccoed brick buildings were each fronted by a tetrastyle portico with Tuscan columns. They flanked the north and south sides of the main house toward the rear (east) and measured 6.8 m wide by 16.83 m deep.</p><br>
<p>The foundations for the main house were started in the mid-to-late 1830s, with construction being completed in 1841 or 1843. A previous, smaller main house had been destroyed by fire. The new main house was stories tall and measured 28 m wide by 25.2 m deep. It was topped with a pyramidal metal roof with dormers. The front facade faced west, toward the river. The brick exterior was stuccoed and scored to simulate ashlar masonry. It was surrounded by a peripteral (on all four sides) portico utilizing 28 monumentally-scaled Tuscan columns. A continuous balcony with a simple Roman-style balustrade wrapped around the exterior of the second floor.</p><br>
<p>The interior was divided by a central hallway that ran from front to rear on both levels and measured 4.77 m wide by 17.21 m deep. On each side of the hallway, on both main levels, were several small rooms and two large rooms. The large rooms all measured 6.09 m by 6.7 m. Additionally, a large main stairway was set into a side hall at the rear of the main hall.</p><br>
<p>Flanking the north and south sides of the main house toward the front (west) were a pair of matching garconnières (bachelors&#39; quarters). Garconnières, unique to Louisiana Creole plantations, were built for the unmarried young men and guests of the plantation. It was custom that once a boy reached adolescence, he was housed separately from the unmarried girls and women. Also built of scored stucco over brick, they were stories tall and measured 20.03 m wide by 12.95 m deep. These matched the main house, with a hexastyle portico set under the roof on the front and rear facades. Each garconnière was topped by a pyramidal roof with dormers facing the front and rear. Both of them featured a central hall and four adjoining rooms on the primary floor.</p><br>
<p>Among the most unusual features of the plantation were two matching pigeonnier (dovecote) towers set to the north and south of the main house in the rear yard. These hexagonal structures were also built of brick and stood 12.1 m high. They were used for raising pigeons for eggs and squab.</p><br>
<p>The Angie Williams Cox Public Library is located in Pardeeville, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. The library is also listed on the Wisconsin State Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The library was sponsored by Angie Williams Cox. It opened in its original location in 1925. A year after its opening, the library was accused of discrimination against Roman Catholics and was threatened to have its public funding pulled. The case ultimately went before the Wisconsin Supreme Court, which ruled in the library&#39;s favor. In 1934, Angie Williams Cox purchased the building that currently houses the library. The building had previously been used by the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and was remodeled to suit the library.</p><br>
<p>The Fort Winnebago Surgeons Quarters is a historic site in Portage, Wisconsin. Located between the Fox River and the Wisconsin River, the site contains two historic buildings: the "surgeons quarters" and Garrison School. The "surgeons quarters", built circa 1819 by portage Francs LeRoi and sold to the US Army in 1828 and used as a sutler store and then as a home for the Fort surgeon. Garrison School was built circa 1850 on the former Fort property. Both properties are owned, operated, and maintained by the Wisconsin Society Daughters of the American Revolution, which operates it as a historic house museum with 19th century period furnishings and fort artifacts.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>"The Portage" was a land bridge just 1 1/4 miles wide separating waterways that flow into the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. The Fox River flows north toward Green Bay, providing access to the Great Lakes, the St. Lawrence River, and the Atlantic Ocean. The Wisconsin River flows southwest to the Mississippi River, which empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The area around Portage was an early travel route for Native Americans. Centuries before the white men arrived, they traversed the 2700-pace foot path between the rivers and recognized it as an important travel route.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1800s, the USA government recognized the geographical importance of "le Portage", which became known as "Portage". Fort Winnebago was one of three forts built to protect settlers and commerce along the Fox-Wisconsin water system in the territory that later became the state of Wisconsin. The other two were Fort Howard in Green Bay and Fort Crawford, in Prairie du Chien.</p><br>
<p>"By Command of Maj.-Gen. Macomb"</p><br>
<p>"R. Jones, Adjt.-Gen."</p><br>
<p>"here was necessity for some means of protection to the fur trade from Winnebago (Ho-Chunk) exactions;... the general government at the solicitation of John Jacob Astor, who was then at the head of the American Fur Company, and upon whose goods the Indians levied exorbitant tolls, authorized the erection of a post at portage."</p><br>
<p>The building now known as "the Surgeons Quarters" was built in 1824 by Francois Le Roi and Therese LEcuyer, a Métis. In it, they operated a fur trading and sutlers post and a portaging business. It is one of the oldest French colonial log homes in Wisconsin still standing on its original foundation and is the only remaining building of the historic Fort Winnebago, which was active from 1828 through 1845.</p><br>
<p>During the War of 1812, the British ventured into the territory in an attempt to reclaim this important waterway.</p><br>
<p>Soldiers arrived to build Fort Winnebago in 1828. The log house was used by the United States Army as a surgeons quarters for the fort and as an officers residence. In 1845, the garrison left the fort, ordered west to protect the frontier.</p><br>
<p>Garrison School, a 19th-century one room schoolhouse that was in use until 1960, was moved from its former location to its current site next to the surgeon&#39;s quarters.</p><br>
<h2>Notable residents</h2><br>
<p>John Joseph Abercrombie Lt.</p><br>
<p>Jefferson Davis – Lt. 1829-1831</p><br>
<p>William S. Harney Cap., Col., Gen.</p><br>
<p>John H. Kinzie and Juliette Augusta Magill Kinzie, Indian Agent</p><br>
<p>Randolph B. Marcy – Bvt. Second Lieut., 5th Infantry, 1832-1835</p><br>
<p>Edwin Vose Sumner</p><br>
<p>David E. Twiggs - Maj.</p><br>
<p>Charlotte Ouisconsin Clark Van Cleve</p><br>
<p>Horatio P. Van Cleve – Bvt. Second Lieut., 5th Infantry, 1831-1835, 1835-1836</p><br>
<p>Sima de las Cotorras  is a sinkhole located in the El Ocote Biosphere Reserve in western Chiapas, southern Mexico. It is one of a number of sinkholes in the area, all produced by tectonic and erosive processes on the region’s limestone. Although not the largest and deepest of the area’s sinkholes, it is best known because of a tourism project which focuses on the thousands of Mexican green parakeets who live there most of the year, flying in and out in circular patterns.</p><br>
<p>Sima de Cotorras Ecotourism Center was established in 1985 to give local Zoque families an alternate means of generating income, preserve the local environment and give younger generations a reason to not migrate from the area. The project has built a road, a restaurant and cabins for visitors, and offers rappelling into the sinkhole as well as guided tours to see the cave paintings, the tropical vegetation at the bottom of the formation and the areas around the sinkhole rim. However, most visitors are local and visit for a day only to see the parakeets. The Center has had its problems balancing ecological concerns with keeping it economically viable.</p><br>
<h2>Location and environment</h2><br>
<p>The sinkhole is part of a larger park called El Ocote Biosphere Reserve, located in the western part of the Mexican state of Chiapas, about 90 minutes from the state capital of Tuxtla Gutierrez. It belongs to the municipality of Ocozocoautla de Espinoza, about 19 km over rough roads from the town center. This part of Chiapas is dominated by the Zoque people, who call the area Coita, a Zoque word that means “place of rabbits.” The nearest community to the sinkhole is Piedra Parada, which has about 500 residents.</p><br>
<p>The climate of the area is mostly warm and humid, with a rainy season from June to October, receiving an average of 1,500mm of precipitation per year. It is in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas, at an altitude of about 820 meters above seal level. This area gets cold enough in the winter to need a light jacket.</p><br>
<p>Most of the vegetation of the area has been wiped out or severely degraded by agriculture, forestry and other human activity.</p><br>
<h2>Geology of the sinkhole</h2><br>
<p>The Sima de las Cotorras belongs to a Karst topography system, based on the folding, fracturing and erosion of limestone. This particular system is defined its drainage system, with the La Venta River on the surface and the main underground river being El Paraíso. Despite its proximity to the Pacific, drainage is towards the Gulf of Mexico. Most of this ecological system is covered by the El Ocote Biosphere Reserve.</p><br>
<p>There are two main forces that shape the landcape. Tectonic forces from the movement of the North American plate over the Farallon and Cocos plates creates anticline folds, with a northeasterly orientation. The folding creates cracks in the relatively soft rock and water running above and below erode in and around these fractures. The two processes have created a number of formations including canyons, arches, caves, waterfalls, small pools of water and sinkholes. These same processes make the soil acidic and strewn with loose rock.</p><br>
<p>Major formations include the La Venta River Canyon, the Arch of Time (Arco del Tiempo) and El Aguacero Falls. The Sima de las Cotorras is only one of 38 sinkholes in the region and one of eight within 10km2. It is not even the largest of these, being only half the size of the Las Luchas sinkhole.</p><br>
<p>These sinkholes are vertical depressions formed by the cracking, erosion and collapse of limestone over thousands of years. The opening is elliptical, with the north and southwest rims elevated in relation to the rest. The low point of the rim is in the east. There are also caves within the sinkhole walls, which have also been produced by erosion. This type of sinkhole is similar to those found in the Yucatán, but general do not contain pooled water at the bottom.</p><br>
<h2>Biology of the sinkhole</h2><br>
<p>Instead the interior of the sinkhole is home to a tropical forest, whose plant and animal life is distinct from that of the surrounding ecosystem.</p><br>
<p>El Ocote is home to a number of endangered species, especially birds such as the Aratinga holochlora, the Amazilia viridifons and the Oporornis tolmiei, as well as other receiving special protection such as the Eucometis penicillata, Lanio aurantius, Psarocolius montezuma and Colinus virginianus. Numbers and types of birds present depends on the time of year, due to migratory patterns.</p><br>
<p>The wider reserve serves as a buffer area for the microclimate of the Sima de las Cotorras. Outside the sinkhole and up to its rim, the climate is drier, mostly grassland/shrub from cattle grazing, and areas called lomería, rocky areas with limited growth, mostly shrubs, due to dense limestone. In some of the higher elevation there are still some forests. Around the sinkhole itself, there are many copal trees, Protium copal (Burseraceae), which gave the sinkhole its original name of Sima del Copal.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the sinkhole holds and preserves more moisture. From its bottom grows a tropical deciduous rainforest microsystem with broadleafed species such as cedar, mahogany, Fabaceas espinosa and Burseraceas baja, Manilkara zapota, scrubs of the Guaiacum family and more, with trees reaching as high as 30 meters tall. The plant species here are not found outside the sinkhole.</p><br>
<p>Common reserve fauna includes owls, foxes and coyotes, rabbits, opossums, badgers, squirrels, armadillos, Penelopina nigra, chachalaca and of course, parakeets. The park has over 80 bird species in 30 families. Eleven of these are migratory and three are endemic to the area. Seven bird species are classified as endangered by the Mexican government. Most of the bird species 35 of them, are found in the low deciduous rainforest of the sinkholes. These include species which are highly sensitive to human intrusion such as the Colinus virginianus, Caprimulgus vociferous, Amazilia candida and Ortalis vetula. A number of bird species have been found in the Sima de las Cotorras area but not in the larger El Ocote park, including Bubo virginianus, Amazilia viridifrons, Vireo philadelphicus, Sialia sialis, Passerina versicolor and Cacicus melanicterus.</p><br>
<p>The Sima’s most famous resident is the Aratinga holochola, the Mexican parrot, which is endangered. Chiapas is home to over 68% of Mexico&#39;s parrots (Psittacidae). And many of Mexico’s parrot species are endangered, mostly due to shrinking habitat, along with the illegal pet trade and other exploitation of the animals.There are an estimated 3,000 parrots associated with the sinkhole and can be found there most of the year, with the exception November to January, when the weather is too cool for them. The forest of the sinkhole is also their nesting site. From the evening until the early morning, the parrots are congregated in the sinkhole forest, where the noise they make can be quite loud. The parrots’ noise will cease if a predator such as a falcon is seen nearby. The parrots leave the sinkhole to look for food, which include from mango trees in people’s backyards as far away as Tuxtla Gutierrez. They leave the sinkhole in groups, flying in circles on wind currents in order to leave and enter. Inside the sinkhole, the parrots are the most numerous kind of bird. Outside, it is dominated by small birds of the Tyrannidae family.</p><br>
<h2>Archeological site</h2><br>
<p>Evidence of human habitation in the area goes back at least 7,500 years, with evidence of hunter/gatherers. However, there were no major pre Hispanic settlements in this area. The area of the park was first explored and academically documented in the mid 20th century, noting local caves and archeological finds such as pottery. But documentation still remains sparse especially in comparison to other such sites in Mexico.</p><br>
<p>The significant archeological find in and around the Sima de las Cotorras are cave paintings, arrowheads, and much later pottery shards, possibly Zoque. The most important of these are the cave paintings, which number about 75. On a rock outcropping on the north wall, there is a human figure with lance, and with a sun and moon above. One of the side caves has on its roof the outlines of hands made by blowing red ochre onto the wall. Other images include circles, spirals and animals. The appearance of cave painting in such a geological formation and especially so high up the sinkhole walls makes them a rarity, and the site is under consideration by UNESCO for protective status.</p><br>
<h2>Ecological park</h2><br>
<p>The El Ocote Biosphere Reserve was established in 1972, extendingover 8 hectares, protecting over a hundred species of birds, and dozens of mammals, reptiles and insects, some endangered. With the exception of the Sima de la Cotorras, the park has not been developed for tourism, and its formations are almost completely unknkown outside of their region. The other sinkholes in the area get no tourism activity at all. The tourism activity based on the flight of the parrots has made the sinkhole relatively famous and it is now better known as the “sinkhole of the parrots” rather than its official name.</p><br>
<p>Tourism activity here began with the establishment of the Sima de Cotorras Ecotourism Center in 1985 and the building of a road from the town of Ocozocoautla to the site. The center was established to provide alternative work for the local Zoque people. Today it is run by the Tzamanguimó cooperative, which consists of a number of familyes all from the nearby community of Piedra Parada.</p><br>
<p>The project is also registered with the federal government as an ecotourism site, with the aim of being sustainable, providing income for local residents with minimal impact. The group welcomes researchers as well as visitors onto the site. The main challenge has been how to take advantage of the site without damaging it. The ground is unstable and highly porous. Many underground cavities are still unknown, making building risky. The largest structure on the premises is the restaurant. Built near the rim, its site was chosen because of the stability of the rock, not because it was the most aesthetically pleasing place to put the structure. Waste disposal is a main issue because of the threat of groundwater contamination, prompting several composting activities. Bringing water, electricity and more are also challenges.</p><br>
<p>By far the main attraction of the site are the parrots that fly in and out of sinkhole each day, generally leaving in the early morning and returning at night.</p><br>
<p>Where possible constructions are based on local materials to allow them to blend into the local environment. Paving and path construction is based on local rock. Pre Hispanic architecture formed the basis of the buildings on the site, including the rock foundation seen on the restaurant building. The Center has eight cabins for up to five persons each, a camping area and tours with local guides.</p><br>
<p>It has eight cabins which can house five people each. It current has a restaurant, several cabins to house multiple people, a camping área, a path around the rim of the sinkhole, rapelling and tours to see the cave paintings and the rainforest that covers the sinkhole’s floor.</p><br>
<p>The Center has provided an alternative source of work other than agriculture and for some, a means for income when before they had none. Despite this, the project has not been claimed as a great success. According to theses done at the Universidad Intercultural de Chiapas, the tourism possibilities here have not been fully exploited. As of 2016, only about 10 to 15 people per day visit the site. Most visitors come by their own cars or through local ecoaventure tourism agencies. Most tourists are between 41-60 years of age, followed by the 31-40 age bracket and those in the 18-30 year bracket. About half come from the state capital of Tuxtla Gutierrez, with about 13% from Mexico City, 12.5 from other parts of Mexico. Only about 2 percent are foreigners.</p><br>
<p>The main problems for the site are the lack of promotion and poor access. The roads leading to the site are very poor, especially the last ten km, and signage is poor or non-existent. The park is difficult to access for those with disabilities. Most visitors learn of the site through word-of-mouth, with some from television and much fewer from other media. The lack of services means that those who do come do not stay for long. Two thirds come only to see the parrots, some will stay and eat at the restaurant, but very few stay the night.</p><br>
<p>The project over the years has received intermittent support from various government institutuions such as PEMEX, the Secretary of Tourism, SEMARNAT and the Comision Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas, in areas such as finance, customer service and construction. But these interventions have not always been helpful, with functionaries using technical jargon and dismissing local knowledge of the area. Changes in political parties has led to varying attitudes towards the project and its ecological focus, with errors being made such as cutting down trees to make way for cement electrical poles and the construction on non-composting toilets.</p><br>
<p>At its height, the Center generated about 80 to 100 jobs directly, but since the tourist demand has declined. The project is specifically geared to keep young people in the area, but they have not shown sufficient interest in its continuation. Most members of the cooperative are between 50 and 80 years of age. Only about 30% of the local population recognizes the area&#39;s intangible value, but 80% favor efforts to make the area better known. Even with sufficient interest and promotion, the area is not suited for large-scale tourism. One reason is the need to keep ecological concerns first and the other is that alternative and eco-tourism are not major attractions for most Mexicans.</p><br>
<p>Izu-Tobu is a large, dominantly basaltic range of volcanoes on the east side of the Izu Peninsula which lies on the Pacific coast of the island of Honshu in Japan. The field covers a total area of 400 km. The only recorded activity was a submarine phreatic eruption, between the city of Ito and Hatsushima island, that lasted for just 10 minutes in 1989. Ito, home to 74,000 people, is known for its hot springs.</p><br>
<h2>Morphology</h2><br>
<p>The field covers the east side of the Izu Peninsula. It consists of several small stratovolcanoes (mostly Pleistocene in age) and overlapping pyroclastic cones, which covers 400 km in area. There are 70 young monogenetic volcanoes on land. Kawagodaira maar, which is about 3,000 years old, produced a large Holocene eruption that sent pyroclastic flows over a wide area.</p><br>
<h2>Eruptions</h2><br>
<h3>1989 eruption</h3><br>
<p>The only recorded eruption was an event on 13 July 1989. Two earthquakes, on 30 June and 9 July took, place on the Izu-Tobu Volcano. On 13 July, a seismometer recorded seisimity, a research vessel, the RV Takuyo reported hearing an explosion sound from the sea floor followed by a 30-second vibration at 18:33 pm. At 18:40 pm the crew reported that the sea domed up 500 m from the vessel, then a grey-black plume rose from the area, five more domes were reported in the next 5 minutes which caused the ship to vibrate. After that seisimity declined.</p><br>
<p>This marks the only known eruptive activity at Izu-Tobu. The next day a survey using an unmanned vessel discovered a new cone 100 metres underwater. The cone was around 450 Metres wide with a summit crater 200 m in diameter. The height of the cone above the sea floor was only 10 m in height.</p><br>
<p>The University of Tokyo monitors Izu-Tobu 24 hours a day.</p><br>
<h2>Distinct cones</h2><br>
<p>Hiuchi, also Hiuchigatake  is a stratovolcano in Nikko National Park, Japan, 140 km from Tokyo. The volcano rises above Lake Ozenuma.</p><br>
<h2>Morphology</h2><br>
<p>Hiuchi initially formed around 350,000 years ago. Around 160,000–170,000 years ago, Hiuchi erupted, creating a large pyroclastic flow deposit. At the summit of the volcano lie two lava domes, Akanagure and Mi-ike. Akanagure, the southern dome, produced a series of viscous lava flows that flowed down the southern and western parts of the volcano about 3500 years ago. Mi-ike is responsible for the only recorded activity.</p><br>
<h2>Historic eruptions</h2><br>
<h3>1544 eruptions</h3><br>
<p>The only recorded activity was on July 28, 1544. A moderate phreatic eruption at the Mi-ike Lava Dome produced lahars and an associated tephra layer.</p><br>
<p>The Middlesex Plat Historic District is located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. It was an upper-middle-class neighborhood of two-story square houses and bungalows that were built from 1910 to 1923. The district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2000. It is part of The Bungalow and Square House--Des Moines Residential Growth and Development MPS.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Middlesex Plat is an infill area to the east of the western developments that had been built in the late 19th and early 20th century. The reason this plat had not been developed earlier was a lack of infrastructure. The Ingersoll Run sewer line was completed into northwest Des Moines in 1907. The closest streetcar line was along University Avenue, which was a distance to the north, and other the lines in the Drake and Sherman Hill neighborhoods ended to the east of this area. They were extended at the time of the sewer lines. Another factor was that the property was owned by J. Callanan who kept the property off the real estate market in the late 19th century. Most of the houses in the district were built from 1910-1923. Those who promoted the development of the area were able to control it in order to maintain their promises to those who bought lots and the builders. Realtor Winner and Kauffman and house builders Henry Tillia and Charles Barnes were influential in the development of the area.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Middlesex Plat Historic District is largely composed of square houses and bungalows with a mixture of a variety of subtypes. Of the 293 properties in the district 187 are houses, of which only nine are not contributing because they were built more recently or substantially altered. There are also 106 detached garages in the district, of which 62 are contributing properties. The square houses outnumber the bungalows, and there are also 18 other houses that were built in another architectural style.</p><br>
<p>Most of the square house plans have a front gabled roofs with a full-width front porch. Six of them were built before 1906 with most of them built between 1910-1911 and then 1914-1916. Three more houses were built in this style between 1917–18, with the last being built in 1923. The second largest subtype has a side-gabled roof. The peak year for construction of this type was 1910 when seven were built. Otherwise, two to three houses were started each year between 1906 and 1919. The last four houses in this subtype were built between 1919 and 1925. There were only nine American foursquare houses with a hip roof built in the district. All but two were built before 1911. The other two were built in 1916.</p><br>
<p>Most of the bungalows feature a gable front with an offset front wing with a roof that is partly a continuation of the main roof. Of the 23 in this style, three were built before 1914 and 15 were built after 1918. Seven of the bungalows have a gabled front porch with a gabled side porch. Four more bungalows have a gabled front with a parallel gable front porch. One was built in 1911 and the rest were built in 1918. There are three "areoplane bungalows" that feature a gable front single story design that has a second story room or rooms that appear to be pushed up through the roof. Three bungalows feature a front gable with recessed full-width front porch (1918, 1921, 1923). Only one bungalow has a hipped roof (1908) and there is also one example of a "plain bungalow." The remaining bungalows feature a side gable. Of these, 14 have a single roof pitch with a full-width front porch. They were built beginning in 1910 with the last being built in 1921. There are 16 more bungalows that feature a less than full-width front porch. They can be further divided into two subgroups because of their influences from either the American Craftsman or the Colonial styles. The Colonials, for the most part, were built later in the time period.</p><br>
<p>The remaining 18 houses follow the Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival or the Prairie Style. Except for the house that had a basement level garage, there are few examples of early garages. Because they post-date the period being studying they do not contribute to the historic nature of the district. There are also no alleys in the district and the narrow lots also limited garage construction. Seven of the garages are attached to the houses and 29 are basement garages.</p><br>
<p>Tell Sheikh Hamad  is an archeological site in eastern Syria on the lower Khabur River, a tributary of the Euphrates. In the 10th to 7th centuries BC, it was the site of the Assyrian city of Dur-Katlimmu, which may have been founded during the reign of Shalmaneser I. The name Dur-Katlimmu may refer to the limmu  Ina-Aššur-šuma-asbat son of Aššur-nadin-šume.</p><br>
<p>During the fall of the Assyrian Empire (911-605 BC), sections of the Assyrian army retreated to the western corner of Assyria after the fall of Nineveh, Harran and Carchemish, and a number of Assyrian imperial records survive between 604 BC and 599 BC in and around Dur-Katlimmu, and so it is possible that remnants of the Assyrian administration and army still continued to hold out in the region for a few years.</p><br>
<p>Excavations have recovered 550 cuneiform Akkadian and 40 Aramaic texts belonging to a senior guard of Ashurbanipal.</p><br>
<p>After the fall of the Assyrian Empire, Dur-Katlimmu became one of the many Near- and Middle-Eastern cities called Magdalu/Magdala/Migdal/Makdala/Majdal, all of which are simply Semitic language toponyms meaning "fortified elevation, tower".</p><br>
<p>Pardeeville Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located at 105 South Main Street in Pardeeville, Wisconsin. Pardeevilles Presbyterian congregation, which was founded in 1857, built the church from 1863 to 1865. The congregation copied the churchs Greek Revival design from the Welsh Congregation Church in nearby Cambria. At the time, Greek Revival churches were rare in Wisconsin, as the style was more common in residential buildings. The church&#39;s front entrance is flanked by pilasters and topped by a transom and a dentillated cornice. A pediment tops the front facade, and a louvered belfry and copper spire rise above the pediment.</p><br>
<p>The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on January 15, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Old Indian Agency House is located in Portage, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The house is located near the Portage Canal.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built by the Federal government of the United States to be a residence for John H. Kinzie, who was serving as an Indian Sub-agent to the Ho-Chunk, and his wife, Juliette Augusta Magill Kinzie. Juliette later wrote a book about the couples experiences during this time entitled Wau-Bun, the "Early Day" in the Northwest&#39;. The house, one of the oldest in Wisconsin, now serves as a museum. Artifacts and displays include items about Native American culture. It is owned by The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America.</p><br>
<p>Akita-Yake-Yama is a small stratovolcano in Akita Prefecture, Japan, that is known for its radioactive waters. A small parasitic lava dome is located four km from the volcano.</p><br>
<h2>Historical eruptions</h2><br>
<p>Eruptions during historical times are limited to moderate phreatic eruptions, which have been recorded since 1678.</p><br>
<h3>May 1997 eruption</h3><br>
<p>On 11 May 1997, after a landslide a few days later, an eruption began. The eruption took place at a hot spring in a resort called Sumikawa-Onsen. On 10 May, tremors were reported at the hot spring up until midnight. On 11 May, a party saw a fast moving landslide moving down the slope of the volcano 20 minutes before the explosion. The eruption started around 08:00 am and was witnessed by a pilot who was flying over the area. He reported that he saw a water and steam ejection, like a giant geyser, followed by an eruption of black smoke. The explosion triggered a mudflow, that travelled down a nearby river valley. The field party then noticed tephra deposits in the mudflow, concluding that they were from the eruption site. The mudlow destroyed two hotels at the foot of the volcano, there were no fatalities.</p><br>
<h3>August 1997 eruption</h3><br>
<p>On 16 August 1997, a tourist reported that a small eruption had taken place at the Karanuma crater (a crater near the summit). It occurred after a few days of volcanic tremors. The eruption formed a 20 m diameter crater on the SE rim of the Karanuma crater. The eruption lasted for 70 minutes.</p><br>
<p>The Drake University Campus Historic District is located in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The historic district contains six buildings. Five of the buildings are collegiate buildings on the Drake University campus and one is a church. The period of significance is from when the university was founded in 1881 to the end of the presidency of Hill M. Bell in 1918. The historic district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1988. It is part of the Drake University and Related Properties in Des Moines, Iowa, 1881—1918 MPS.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The historic district comprises six buildings on the southeast corner of the Drake University campus. Five of the buildings belong to the university and other is a church complex. The importance of the district lies in the development of Drake University by the Disciples of Christ and the role the school and the church played in the development of this part of Des Moines. The academic buildings also relate to the role of General Francis Marion Drake, who founded the school and was its major benefactor in its early years, and the progressive period of the school’s early president Hill M. Bell.</p><br>
<p>Drake University was established in 1881 and is the oldest institution of higher education in the city. Initially the Disciples of Christ held their services on the Drake campus. University Place Christian Chapel was organized in 1888 with 382 charter members. In 1977, Central Christian and University Christian Churches merged to form at this site. Old Main was the first building constructed in brick on the Drake campus. The other campus buildings in the historic district were built in the first decade of the 20th century. The present church building was constructed at the same time, and the adjoining education building was added in 1926. Drake University is no longer affiliated with the Disciples of Christ.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Old Main, designed by C.B. Lakin, is the oldest building on the campus. Built from 1882-1883, it is a rectangular shaped, three-story brick Victorian building. The main façade features five gables, corbelled chimneys and a central bell tower. The bricks between the windows are set at an angle. Stone courses serve as lintels and sills. The windows in the center of the building are decorated with stone panels on top. In 1900 the auditorium was added to the back of the structure and a new main entrance was added to the front.</p><br>
<p>Howard Hall was built in 1903 and the east wing was built five years later. A planned west wing was never built. The brick structure was built over a raised basement and features brick quoins, round- arch windows, continuous stone sills and lintels, shallow hipped roof and a small parapet. A large colored glass window contained music motifs, which relate to the buildings use by the Drake University Conservatory of Music. The building was designed by the architectural firm of Smith & Gage.</p><br>
<p>Cole Hall was built to house the law school and law library in 1904. Also designed by Smith & Gage it is a two-story red brick structure with dark grey brick base and concrete trim. The center bay is slightly recessed. Like the other buildings, it features classical detail, brick quoining semi-circular pediment, and continuous sills.</p><br>
<p>Memorial Hall was built for the Disciples of Christ Bible College in 1905. The three-story brick structure was built on a dark red-brown basement. The entryways slightly project forward. Unifying elements within the district include the rusticated brick for the high basement, continuous sills and lintels, concrete molding, concrete round-arched entries on the west and north, and classical detail. Smith & Gage was the architect.</p><br>
<p>Carnegie Library built from 1907-08 represents the shift from a sectarian school, its progressive educational policies and its need for funding at a national level. It was designed by the Des Moines architectural firm of Proudfoot & Bird. The brickwork in the building is multi-colored: pinkish-tan pilasters, panels between windows in gold and the base in dark red-brown brick. Like the other buildings, it features the restrained use classical motifs and a continuous sill. The building has a simple cornice with dentils across the top.</p><br>
<p>University Christian Church or "" as it now named, was built in 1908 and the adjacent Education Building was built in 1926. The Education Building replaced the original 1890 University Place Christian Chapel. Proudfoot & Bird designed the church building and Burdette Higgins designed the Education Building. The church building, which has a seating capacity of 3,000 people, is similar to the later academic buildings in the Drake Historic District. The brick patterns on the exterior, however, are more elaborate. The two-story round arch entryways are not original to the building. The Education Building is a five-story tan brick structure with a corner bell tower. The exterior features Corinthian pilasters and arcades on the second floor and on the bell tower. Brick detailing includes both corbelling and dentils. The interior includes forty classrooms, gymnasium, church offices, chapel and fellowship hall. The second-floor chapel is a memorial to World War II dead.</p><br>
<p>Pointe de Paumont  or Cima del Vallone  is a mountain of Savoie, France and of the Province of Turin, Italy. It lies in the Cottian Alps range. It has an elevation of 3,171 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>Paumort, the name used on French maps, should come from a toponym used on the Italian side of the mountain (croce di Paumont, rio di Paumont), which derives from Piedmontese "pàu mòrt" («fear of death»).</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>In the French subdivision of Western Alps it belongs to the Massif du Mont-Cenis while in the SOIUSA (International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps) it&#39; the highest mountain of a subgroups (STG) called Crête Grand Vallon-pointe du Fréjus ( Fr) or Cresta Gran Vallone-punta del Fréjus (It) - code:I/A-4.III-B.5.a.</p><br>
<p>Administratively the mountain is divided between the commune of Avrieux (F, north face) and the comune of Bardonecchia (I, south-western and south-eastern faces).</p><br>
<h2>Access to the summit</h2><br>
<p>The easiest route for the summit starts from Pelouses pass, which connects Avrieux and Bardonecchia, and follows the eastern ridge of the mountain passing by Cime Gardoria/Cima Gardiola (3,137 m). Other two routes, roughly of the same climbing grade, follow the other two ridges which meet on the mountains summit: the southern one from Roccia Verde pass and the northwestern one from Punta Bagnà.</p><br>
<p>Punta Bagnà  or Cime du Grand Vallon  is a mountain of Savoie, France and of the Province of Turin, Italy. It lies in the Cottian Alps range. It has an elevation of 3,129 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The name used on the Italian maps comes from Piedmontese "Bagnà" («wet»), which should derive from the look of the blackish fine ground nearby the summit. The French name comes from the "Grand Vallon", a secondary valley which starts from the mountain and goes northwards towards Charmaix and Modane.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>In the French subdivision of western Alps it belongs to the Massif du Mont-Cenis while in the SOIUSA (International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps) it is part of the mountain group called "gruppo della Pierre Menue" (Italian) or "groupe de l&#39;Aiguille de Scolette" (French).</p><br>
<p>Administratively the mountain is divided between the Italian comune of Bardonecchia (southern face) and the French communes of Modane (north-western face) and Avrieux (north-eastern face).</p><br>
<h2>Access to the summit</h2><br>
<p>The easiest route for the summit starts from col du Fréjus, which connects Modane and Bardonecchia, then passes by punta del Fréjus and follows the south-western ridge of the mountain.</p><br>
<p>Treowen  is an early 17th-century house in Monmouthshire, Wales, regarded as "the most important gentry house  in the county".</p><br>
<p>It is located in open countryside within the parish of Wonastow, about ½ mile (1 km) north-east of the village of Dingestow, and 3 mi south-west of Monmouth. It is a Grade I listed building, and, after being used as a farmhouse for three centuries, is now a conference and functions venue.</p><br>
<p>Treowen is home to the annual Wye Valley Chamber Music Festival.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in about 1623–27 for William Jones, on the site of a 15th-century building. Jones was briefly Member of Parliament for Monmouthshire in 1614, and was High Sheriff of Monmouthshire in 1615. He later inherited a fortune from his uncle, a trader in London.</p><br>
<p>The Jones family moved out of the house in the 1670s, and let it out as a farmhouse. The building itself remained largely unchanged except for the removal of the top storey of the front half of the building in the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>The house was sold to the sitting tenants in 1945, and continued to be used as a farmhouse until 1993. In 1960, Mark Girouard wrote in Country Life:</p><br>
<p>There is something very moving about the distant view of Treowen, rising suddenly, high and lonely, out of the fields. It has no park, for it has been a farm since the 17th century, but the lack of elaborate setting suits its character. It is not a sophisticated building but strong, massive and generous. The depredations of time and fallen fortune have removed a good deal, but nothing has been added: everything that is there is genuine, unaltered work of its age.</p><br>
<p>The grounds of the house contain the remains of what is said to be a Tudor garden, including a rectangular earthwork on the north side of the house, a walkway and ornamental fishponds.</p><br>
<h3>Modern use</h3><br>
<p>The house is now used as a centre for conferences and holidays, and as a venue for weddings and other functions. It has also been used in the filming of TV programmes, including Doctor Who.</p><br>
<p>Treowen is home to the annual Wye Valley Chamber Music Festival, an event of national significance which takes place each January, and now also each July as a music course for talented young musicians. Leading musicians of international calibre visit this area of outstanding natural beauty for a week of music-making in the house and concerts in the local area.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and description</h2><br>
<p>The architectural historian John Newman considers Treowen the "most important 17th century gentry house" in Monmouthshire. It is constructed to a double-pile plan and built of Old Red Sandstone, with caramel-coloured ashlar blocks and green Bridgend sandstone dressings. The house was very large by local standards of the time, and commanded extensive views. Newman wrote that "as originally built, the height of the house must have been as daunting as the sheer repetitiveness of its design". The originally austere façade was altered early in its history by the addition of a porch, with a "classical frontispiece of distressing crudity", and the Jones shield.</p><br>
<p>Inside the house, the ground floor rooms rise to a height of 17 ft. There is an oak panelled room with plaster ceiling and Jacobean fireplace, and a great staircase of 72 stairs, the earliest datable open-well staircase in Monmouthshire.</p><br>
<p>The house is a Grade I listed building. In his study, Houses of the Welsh Countryside, (published 1975, second edition 1988), Peter Smith concludes Treowen "is indeed a very magnificent building".</p><br>
<p>The Cabrera Archipelago Maritime-Terrestrial National Park  is a national park that includes the whole of the Cabrera Archipelago in the Balearic Islands , an autonomous community that is part of Spain. The park covers 100 square kilometers , though 87 square kilometers  is covered by water. The park attracts relatively few visitors due to its remoteness. There is no permanent population, but there might be at any given time just under 100 National Park staff members and other personnel on the islands.</p><br>
<p>The archipelago has great natural value. Due to its isolation throughout history, it has remained relatively unchanged. The coastal landscape of Cabrera is often considered one of the best preserved on the Spanish coast, and indeed in all of the Mediterranean, as a result. The islands are blanketed by important colonies of seabirds and other endemic species. Due to its biotic wealth and abundance and variety of birds, the park has also been declared a Special Protection Area (SPA) for birds. It is also a Site of Community Importance (SIC), and as such is integrated into the Natura 2000 network. The park is likewise among the ranks of the Specially Protected Areas of Mediterranean Importance (SPAMI) under the protocols for protected marine areas established by the Barcelona Convention.</p><br>
<p>Administratively, the islands belong to the municipality of Palma de Mallorca despite their distance.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Use of the islands by the Spanish Armed Forces from 1973 to 1986 served as an obstacle to achieving protection for the archipelago. In 1988, the Parliament of the Balearic Islands unanimously passed a resolution then sent to the Spanish Parliament "for the creation of the Cabrera Archipelago Maritime-Terrestrial National Park," which was later enacted into law on April 29, 1991. The park, in addition to the law, is governed by the "Master Plan for Use and Management of the Cabrera Archipelago Maritime-Terrestrial National Park" approved by means of Order 58/2006 on July 1, 2006 by the Government of the Balearic Islands for a six-year period.</p><br>
<p>Limited military use of the area continues all the same.</p><br>
<h2>Visiting</h2><br>
<p>Cabrera Archipelago National Park is a restricted cruising destination, and boats may anchor only in the island&#39;s natural harbour or during the day in one other specified area. Many species survive on Cabrera that are rare in other parts of the Balearics, such as sea snails and the very unusual black lizard.</p><br>
<p>Surrounding water of Balearic Sea is rich in biodiversity. Various types of cetaceans such as sperm, pilot, dolphins, and fin whales are regular and others such as humpback and orca on occasions, and loggerhead turtles can be found.</p><br>
<p>Diving is strictly limited and a license allows for a one-day visit only. Excursions to the island are a rare event and are treasured by the diving community. Hiking possibilities are abundant generally on organised tours, although both the castle and the lighthouse can be accessed unsupervised. There is a small visitors centre, a 14th-century castle and a museum, as well as a gift shop and bar.</p><br>
<p>The historic Chickasaw Nation Capitols are located in Tishomingo, Oklahoma. The property consists of Chickasaw Council House Museum and the Chickasaw Nation Capitol building, which has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 5, 1971.</p><br>
<p>The Chickasaw Council House and Museum chronicles the history of the Chickasaw Tribe, including exhibits on their removal from tribal lands in present-day Mississippi during the Trail of Tears and their settlement in Oklahoma. The museum is located in Tishomingo, Oklahoma, admission is free and the museum offers daily tours. It features a collection of Chickasaw artifacts, a genealogy research center and a one-room log Council House, built in 1853. Visitors can also visit the historic Chickasaw Nation Capitol building located next door.</p><br>
<p>The Council House is a 14 by 24 foot log building that was originally located at Good Spring on Pennington Creek. In the 1930s, the Council House was placed on the west side of the Capitol building, and in the 1960s it was restored and covered by a tile block building that became the Museum.</p><br>
<p>The Chickasaw settled on Choctaw lands in the Indian Territory following the Trail of Tears. The Nation became independent in 1856 when a treaty was signed in Washington giving the Chickasaw Nation full ownership of 4,707,903 acres of land and the right of independent government. The Chickasaw modeled their government after the United States, moving from a tribal council to a three-branch system consisting of legislative, executive and judicial branches. It created its first constitution in 1848, and elected officers in 1857. Tishomingo became the Nation&#39;s capital at this time, having received its name from the Chickasaw warrior of the same name, Chief Tishomingo, who had died en route to Oklahoma.</p><br>
<p>The red granite building was the third Capitol building for the Chickasaw Nation. It was preceded by an 1853 one-room log Council House and 1858 brick building that was destroyed by fire. The building was constructed in 1898 at a cost of $15,000 in the Victorian Gothic styles, In 1989, the Chickasaw Nation repurchased the Capitol from Johnston County, and today the first two floors house exhibits that preserve the history of this early period of Chickasaw tribal government. The Capitol building is featured in a 1998 painting by Chickasaw artist Tom Phillips.</p><br>
<p>The Kholova  is a river in Krestetsky and Malovishersky Districts of Novgorod Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Msta River. It is 126 km long, and the area of its basin 1,900 km&sup2;. The principal tributaries of the Kholova are the Khuba River  and the Moshnya River . The urban-type settlement of Kresttsy is located on the Kholova.</p><br>
<p>The source of the Kholova lies in Valday Hills, in the system of interconnected lakes at the border between Okulovsky and Krestetsky District. The river flows west, turns northwest, passes Kresttsy, turns north and enters Malovishersky District. Downstream of Kresttsy, it runs along the Ilmen Depression, which is almost flat. The mouth of the Kholova is close to the village of Zakholovye.</p><br>
<p>The Kholova is the main river of Krestetsky District. Its river basin comprises most of the area of the district, as well as minor areas in the southwest of Okulovsky District and in the southwest of Malovishersky District.</p><br>
<p>The Marlborough Sounds Important Bird Areas  are four distinct sites comprising several small, rocky islets contained within an area with a maximum linear extent of 40 km, in New Zealand. They lie close to Cook Strait in the outer Marlborough Sounds at the northern end of the South Island. The sites are Duffers Reef, Sentinel Rock, White Rocks and the Trio Islands. They have been identified as Important Bird Areas  by BirdLife International because they hold the only known colonies, and encompass the entire breeding range, of the vulnerable rough-faced shag .</p><br>
<h2>IBAs</h2><br>
<p>* Duffers Reef is the continuation of the main ridge of Forsyth Island at the entrance to Pelorus Sound. The reef is about 1 km long and consists of rocky islets up to 30 m high. 230 shags were counted in 2002.</p><br>
<p>* Sentinel Rock is an isolated rock lying some 3 km east of, the Chetwode Islands. About 600 shags were present in 2002.</p><br>
<p>* Trio Islands comprise three islets lying 5 km east of D&#39;Urville Island. 211 shags were counted in 1997.</p><br>
<p>* White Rocks comprise a small group of wave-washed rocks. 141 shags were counted in 2002.</p><br>
<p>The Gilson Mountains are an 11 mi long almost circular, small mountain range adjacent the north terminus of the Canyon Mountains, , located in far eastern Juab County, Utah, United States.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Gilson Mountains are an ovoid, or elliptical shaped range, about 11 mi long, trending south-southwest by north-northeast. It contains a central massif with Champlin Peak; two ridgelines trend from the center to the southwest. From Champlin Peak in the range center, Broad Canyon lies between the two ridges. To the northwest another major canyon abuts the center ridgeline, Long Canyon.</p><br>
<p>Another ridgeline is formed off the center peak going northeast. Unimproved Gilson Road accesses the canyon on its north, and traverses to an area just northeast of Champlin Peak.</p><br>
<p>The highpoint of the range is Champlin Peak, at 7,504 ft.</p><br>
<p>The mountain range is separated from the Canyon Mountains by the Sevier River and its narrow rivercourse and canyonlands, where the river flows northeast, then southwest, then due-west past the southwest flank of the Gilson Mountains, to enter the extreme northeast of the Sevier Desert. It is at this exit point between the two ranges that the Sevier River enters the desert, of the Great Basin, after traversing mountains, valleys, plateaus, and extensive mountain ranges.</p><br>
<p>Abutting the northwest flank of the range is the Little Sahara Recreation Area, an area of desert and dunefields. The Little Sahara site is slightly larger in area than the Gilson Mountains.</p><br>
<h2>Access</h2><br>
<p>USA Route 6 (US-6) traverses the northeast perimeter of the Sevier Desert, at the west and northwest flanks of the Gilson Mountains. At Jericho Junction, Utah north of the range, an improved route goes west, then southwest into desert flatlands, hills, and dunefields of the Little Sahara Recreation Area to the Sand Mountain recreation site. Numerous unimproved roads from US-6 access the west and north of the mountain range.</p><br>
<p>Utah State Route 132 (SR-132) from Lynndyl and Leamington to the west, traverses the south and southeast flanks of the range following the Sevier River rivercourse, and canyonland. Near the southeast flank center at Soma, the Sevier turns due southeast, following the northeast flank of the Canyon Mountains. At the Gilson southeast flank, SR-132 continues northeastwards through a hill and mountain region, south of the East Tintic Mountains, and continues on to Nephi, about 25 mi distant.</p><br>
<p>The Meadowbrook Stock Farm, also known as Thomas R. Murray Ranch, is a site on the National Register of Historic Places located on USA Route 87 near Hobson, Montana. It was added to the Register on January 13, 1992.</p><br>
<p>The main house on the property is a two-story farmhouse built of cast stone in 1908. The cast stone came in blocks made of concrete by Thomas R. Murray, the ranch founder. Three outbuildings were also built of cast stone, and there are wood frame and post-and-beam buildings as well.</p><br>
<p>Some degree of Classical Revival style is added by an open one-story porch spanning the west side of the house, with wooden columns having rounded bases, blocks above their capitals, and open bracket work supporting the porch roof.</p><br>
<p>The Wood Lawn Farm, also known as Goodell Ranch, is a site on the National Register of Historic Places 5 miles west of Hobson on Utica Road 239. It was added to the Register on January 27, 1993. The listing included eight contributing buildings on 160 acre.</p><br>
<p>Its NRHP nomination describes its importance:...this important historic property symbolizes the transformation of the Judith Basin from open-range prairie lands to farm and ranch lands. The experience of local pioneers, Clarence and Parmelia Goodell, further adds to understanding the settlement and agricultural development of the Basin. Their acquisition of a preemption and a tree claim in 1880 patterns the general trend of homesteaders in the Basin, for a majority of the settlers obtained land from the federal government in this way. Mr. and Mrs. Goodell began to farm and ranch this area as one of the first homesteading families in the Judith Basin. In addition, Wood Lawn Farm is important... for its architecture. Reflecting a transition away from the primitive log cabin architecture which characterized much residential building on the central Montana ranching frontier, the Goodells built a modern, Queen Anne/Colonial Revival style wood frame house by the beginning of 1890, reflecting a genuine confidence in the Judith Basin and its sustaining capacity. For its associations with local builder Richmond Jellison, the property gains significance. Jellison was responsible for the construction of several vernacular buildings in Philbrook and the outlying rural district, and his sense of design informed the character of this early community.</p><br>
<p>The Payne Hotel is a former stagecoach inn located along Highway 33 in Saukville, Wisconsin. Deemed worthy of preservation, the hotel has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 14, 1991.</p><br>
<p>William Payne was born in London in 1806 and immigrated to the USA in 1826. In 1846 he founded Saukville, building a sawmill and gristmill on the Milwaukee River. In 1848 he built the Payne Hotel where the old Dekorra Military Road met the old Green Bay Trail. It served as a stagecoach stop for people traveling between Chicago/Milwaukee and Green Bay.</p><br>
<p>The hotel is a 2.5-story wood frame building. It is in Greek Revival style, with a low-pitched roof, cornice returns, and symmetric windows and chimneys. Along with serving travelers, it hosted dances for locals in the ballroom on the third floor. It may well have hosted local meetings too, since Payne served as a Town Supervisor, Commissioner of Highways, and Justice of the Peace.</p><br>
<p>The Don E. Olsson House and Garage is a site on the National Register of Historic Places located in Ronan, Montana. It was added to the Register on January 15, 2009.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed significant "for its mid-century modern residential architecture that represents an early example of the Ranch style in Ronan and Lake County when it was built in 1950-51". The house, its 1954 addition, and 1952 garage were designed by the architect Thomas Balzhiser (the brother-in-law of the house&#39;s owner), and as such the garage and addition share the same design features as the house. The house became a model for subsequent residential construction in Ronan such as the Harald Olsson House at 408 Eisenhower, also designed by Balzhiser.</p><br>
<p>The First Episcopal Methodist Church of Chester is a historic church located at the intersection of 2nd Street and Madison Avenue in Chester, Montana. The church was built in 1911, a year after Chester was incorporated, in response to public demand for a permanent, dedicated church building. While Chesters Episcopal Methodist congregation officially owned the building, it was also used by Chesters various other Christian denominations until they were able to build their own churches. The church has a vernacular design typical of rural Montana churches of the period and is representative of the many church buildings built in the early twentieth century during an important era of homesteading and settlement in the state. The Methodist congregation left the church for a new building in 1968.</p><br>
<p>The old church became the Liberty County Museum two years later, a museum of local history.</p><br>
<p>The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 29, 1997.</p><br>
<p>The First State Bank of Chester is a historic bank building located at the intersection of Washington Avenue and 1st Street East in Chester, Montana. Opened in 1910, the same year Chester was incorporated, the bank was the first in the city. The Williston Construction Company built the red brick building, which was described as the most architecturally exquisite building in the town upon its completion. The architect was R. T. Frost, leading architect of Minot, North Dakota. Available land and steady rainfall made the areas newly settled farmers prosperous, and they used the bank to both hold their earnings and take out loans for new equipment. Droughts in the lat 1910s reversed the fortunes of many of these farmers, however, and like many others across the state the bank closed in 1920. Since then, the building has been used for a variety of commercial and residential purposes; it also housed Chesters hospital from the 1920s through the 1940s.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 29, 1997.</p><br>
<p>The Eureka Community Hall is a site on the National Register of Historic Places located in Eureka, Montana. It was added to the Register on October 18, 1985.</p><br>
<p>It is a one-story log structure built in 1942 with support of the Works Project Administration.</p><br>
<p>Its 1983 NRHP nomination asserts:The Eureka Community hall is of exceptional local historical and architectural significance because it is the primary building in this remote, northwestern Montana community that represents the conscious decision of the community to build a structure that serves both its social needs and as an expression of the citizens cultural values. This finely detailed, Rustic Style, log building stands in a commanding position on a hill overlooking the commercial district of the small northwestern Montana town of Eureka. It is the most substantial and well crafted building in Eureka and is a major visual component of this communitys identity.</p><br>
<p>The former Libby High School is a building on the National Register of Historic Places located in Libby, Montana. It was added to the Register on August 20, 2008.</p><br>
<p>According to the filing documents:</p><br>
<p>The historic Libby High School stands at the southeast corner of Mineral Avenue and East Lincoln Boulevard, at the entrance to downtown Libby. The school is a stately presence in the heart of the community, the largest and most highstyle building in town. Set perpendicular to the town’s main street, the school and its expansive lawn and landscaped boulevard entry is a visual marker that signals the eastern entrance to the downtown heart of the community.</p><br>
<h2>Notable alumni</h2><br>
<p>Duane Nellis, president of Texas Tech University, Class of 1972</p><br>
<p>Marc Racicot, Governor of Montana (1993&ndash;2001), Class of 1966</p><br>
<h2>Present Libby High School</h2><br>
<p>The Libby School District maintains a combined Middle School/High School at 150 Education Way, at the SW corner of the intersection of Education Way and USA Highway 2, in Libby, Montana. Its coordinates are N48°2339.8"/W115°3416.6".</p><br>
<p>The Gladstone Hotel is a two story, wood framed hotel located at 101 Main Street in Circle, Montana, United States. The hotel was built in 1915 and inaugurated at a Christmas party on December 25 of the same year. The town of Circle had been platted the previous year after the Great Northern Railway planned its route through the area; while the hotel was supposed to provide lodging for the visitors and new settlers brought to Circle by the railroad, the railroad was not completed through Circle until 1929. Nevertheless, the hotel served as temporary lodging for new settlers in McCone County and functioned as a community meeting place, including a local bar that lasted until Prohibition. An addition was placed on the hotel in 1948 to accommodate new residents during a local oil boom.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 28, 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Chase Grain Elevator is a grain elevator located in Sun Prairie, Wisconsin, United States. It was built in 1922 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. It is the last known tile elevator remaining in Wisconsin.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Chase Grain Elevator was constructed in 1922 on the site of a previous Chase & Sons elevator that burned down in the winter of 1921/22. The fireproof tile elevator was planned to have a capacity of 13,500 bushels. In March 1922, it was expected to cost $20,000 ( today).</p><br>
<p>The elevator is said to illustrate experimental construction techniques during the transition from between wood and concrete elevators. Tile elevator construction ended around 1925.</p><br>
<p>The elevator consists of two cylindrical grain bins, with a third "pocket" bin created from a semi-circle of tile linking the two main bins.</p><br>
<p>Umbria Plantation, also known as the Samuel Pickens Plantation, was a historic cotton plantation and Greek Revival-style plantation house near what is now Sawyerville, Alabama. The plantation was established by Samuel Pickens, the younger brother of Alabama&#39;s third governor, Israel Pickens. The house was an unusual example of a raised basement plantation house built on a U-shaped plan. It was recorded by the Historic American Buildings Survey during the 1930s. It was destroyed in a fire in the early 1970s.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Samuel Pickens was the son of Samuel W. Pickens of Virginia and Jane Carrigan of North Carolina. He was born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina in 1791. He and brothers Robert, Israel, John, Robert, and William had all relocated to the western Black Belt of Alabama by the 1820s. Most of them established plantations near Umbria in Greene County (now part of Hale).</p><br>
<p>Pickens married Mary Everard Meade on September 11, 1830 in Greene County. Construction of the main house at Umbria began around this time. Mary died in 1831, while construction was still underway. Pickens then married to Selina Louisa Lenoir, also a native of Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in 1832. That had one son, Thomas Lenoir Pickens, in 1833. The house was completed by about this time.</p><br>
<p>Selina too died in 1839, leaving Pickens twice a widower. He remarried yet again, this time to Mary Gaillard Thomas of Charleston, South Carolina in 1840. They had several children, including James, Samuel, William, John, Mary, Louisa, and Israel. Pickens acquired additional plantations and the family&#39;s wealth grew. Two large wings, each almost as large as the original front portion of the house, were added to each side of the house by roughly 1850. Samuel Pickens died on June 23, 1855, leaving his widow an estate that was valued at nearly half a million dollars in 1860 and over 200 slaves. His sons took over the daily operations of the plantations until called to serve in the Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The house stayed in the Pickens family for several additional generations and was extensively renovated in the mid-twentieth century after being sold out of the family. It was destroyed by fire on December 30, 1971. Today the only reminders of what was once at site is a fence and crumbling brick foundations.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The main house at Umbria began as a raised Carolina-type cottage during the 1830s, with a principal floor over a full, ground-level brick basement. The basement level was fronted by a full-width, sunken loggia with a brick floor. The basement level contained a central hall entered through a central hall. Two rooms, each with its own fireplace, were located on each side of the hall.</p><br>
<p>The principal floor was fronted with a full-width porch supported by six Ionic columns set directly under the main roof. This floor contained four rooms, with the central doorway accessing a large parlor from the front porch. The double-leaf central doors featured a finely detailed fanlight and sidelights. An additional entry point from the porch was located to either side of the main doorway in the form of jib window.</p><br>
<p>By the early 1850s the house had been greatly expanded to include two long rear wings attached to the rear corners of the original house. These matched the house in style and scale, however, they were built on piers rather than an enclosed basement. They each contained two large bedrooms with fireplaces. A gallery on three sides with twelve Doric columns wrapped the house around the rear courtyard.</p><br>
<p>Additional structures on the grounds that were still present during the Historic American Buildings Survey in the mid-1930s included a barn, plantation office, a plantation schoolhouse, and three other plantation outbuildings. The schoolhouse survived the fire and was donated to the former Gulf States Paper Company in Tuscaloosa for relocation and preservation after the fire. It has now been donated to the Tuscaloosa County Preservation Society.</p><br>
<p>Koh Wai, កោះពូលូវៃ, also known as Poulo Wai or the Wai Islands, is a group of two small wooded and uninhabited islands in the Gulf of Siam. The islands are located far away from the shore, 95 km to the southwest of the coast of Preah Sihanouk Province, Cambodia. Administratively Koh Wai falls under Kampot Province. The Khmer word Koh , means island translated into English. Poulo Wai is of Malayan origin.</p><br>
<p>Both islands are roughly 5 km long with a maximum width of about 1.5 km. They are located 1.4 km from each other, separated by a channel of ¾ mile (0.75 mi) wide. The depth of the channel is about 40 ft. The west island is about 100 m at its south-western end. The eastern island is around 200 ft and rock fringed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>These islands were part of the basis of overlapping territorial claims between Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam; the three nations used differing methods of measuring the extent of their territorial waters from the islands.</p><br>
<p>In May 1975, the area around these islands and nearby Koh Tang was the site of the Mayaguez incident, the last combat action of the Vietnam War, which involved the rescue of the SS Mayaguez.</p><br>
<p>One month later, Vietnam People&#39;s Army forces seized the islands and there was a battle between Khmer Rouge and Vietnamese troops over the control of the islands. Finally, the Vietnamese evacuated Koh Wai in August.</p><br>
<p>The Koh Wai islands were for a long time off-limits to tourists, but now they can be visited in organized excursions. Since the trip is too long to go and come back in the same day, visitors usually stay overnight on one of the islands.</p><br>
<p>Green Island is a small, uninhabited island lying 2 km off the coast of the Otago region of New Zealand, some 13 km south-west of the city of Dunedin. The island&#39;s Māori name is Okaihe.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Green Island may be the Isle of Wight where the Sydney sealer Brothers, chartered by Robert Campbell and sailing under Robert Mason, dropped eight men of a gang of eleven in November 1809. William Tucker, who later settled at Whareakeake (Murdering Beach) near Otago Heads, was in the gang. Alternatively the Isle of Wight may be Taieri Island a few kilometres to the south. It has also been suggested that, alternatively, Green Island may be the Ragged Rock where the other three men of the Brothers gang were landed. Some of the men claimed to have stayed on these two islands from 9 November 1809 until 20 December 1810.</p><br>
<p>Green Island used to be called St Michaels Mount, suggesting it had been named after the island of that name off the Cornish coast. It is more likely it was so named after Tommy Chaselands mother ship the St Michael when he was sealing there in the 1820s. He told Edward Shortland he lost a boat and all its hands when it was dashed on the island while trying to land. He stayed alone overnight and was picked up by another boat the following day.</p><br>
<p>In the 1880s the island was mined for guano, bird dung used as fertiliser.</p><br>
<h2>Important Bird Area</h2><br>
<p>The island has been identified as an Important Bird Area, by BirdLife International because it is home to breeding colonies of yellow-eyed penguins and bronze shags.</p><br>
<p>Corker Hill is a historic home and farm complex located at Greene Township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The manor house was built between 1810 and 1820, and is a two-story, seven bay, brick dwelling on a limestone foundation in the Federal style. The facade was modified about 1905, to add Colonial Revival style elements, such as a cupola and wraparound porch. Also on the property are the contributing large stone and frame Pennsylvania bank barn, stone vaulted root cellar, frame shed / chicken coop, frame carriage house / garage, small stone furnace building, wagon shed / corn crib, and frame tenant house .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>Corker Hill FrankCo PA 2.JPGManor House</p><br>
<p>Corker Hill FrankCo PA 3.JPGBarn</p><br>
<p>Culbertson–Harbison Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Greene Township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The house was built between 1798 and 1800, and is a two-story, five bay, limestone dwelling in the Federal style. It has a two-story, three bay stone addition built between 1820 and 1840. Attached to the addition is a frame kitchen addition and brick smokehouse. Also on the property are the contributing large frame Pennsylvania bank barn with three hexagonal cupolas, a small frame privy, and other outbuildings.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>Culbertson-Harbison Farm FrankCo PA 2.JPGStone addition</p><br>
<p>Culbertson-Harbison Farm FrankCo PA 3.JPGThe three additions</p><br>
<p>Culbertson-Harbison Farm FrankCo PA 5.JPGView from the road</p><br>
<p>Culbertson-Harbison Farm FrankCo PA 4.JPGBarns and fields</p><br>
<p>Brotherton Farm, also known as the Brotherton-McKenzie Farm, is a historic home and farm complex located at Guilford Township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The house was built about 1820, and is a two-story, five bay, "L"-shaped limestone dwelling in the Federal style. It has a two-story, four-bay rear ell. Also on the property are the contributing 1 1/2-story stone spring house, frame wash house, and frame bank barn.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<p>Brotherton Farm FrankCo Springhouse.JPGSpringhouse</p><br>
<p>Brotherton Farm FrankCo Front.JPGFront</p><br>
<p>Brotherton Farm FrankCo from S.JPGSouth side</p><br>
<p>Brotherton Farm FrankCo from NE.JPGRear ell from the northeast</p><br>
<p>Gass House, also known as Gass Family Home, Farm House at Franklin Farms, and Union Plantation, is a historic home located at Guilford Township in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The house was built about 1760, and is a 2 1/2-story, five bay, fieldstone dwelling. It has a two-story, two bay by two bay limestone extension on the north side. It is an example of Scotch-Irish farmhouse architecture.</p><br>
<p>William Gass, a fuller who had immigrated from Ireland, built the house about 1760 and left it to his brother Benjamin. Benjamin&#39;s son, Patrick Gass was born in the house. Patrick later became a soldier and a carpenter and was an important member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Patrick was in line to inherit the house, but it is unclear whether he ever lived in it as the owner. In 1808 the house was sold to the county for use as an almshouse.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
